Arthritis

Arthritis (from the greek arthro = joint-and-itis = inflammation) is a group of conditions characterized by damage to joints. The arthritis is one of the leading causes of disability in people over 55 years.

According to the Arthritis Foundation, the term arthritis refers to more than 100 different diseases that cause pain, swelling and limited movement of joints and connective tissue throughout the body. It is usually a chronic disease that is continuing throughout life.

All are associated with arthritis pain. But the types of pain differ depending on the type of arthritis and the affected part. Generally, the pain associated  osteoartrite are worse at night, while those of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the morning. Moreover, the elderly or children in pain may not be the main feature, but the subject may experience a reduced mobility (the elderly) or refuse to use the affected limb (children).

Many people associate the breaking of the joints  artrite, but there is no evidence that supports this association. An adjustment is an area where two or more converge bones. This area is surrounded by fluid that protects joints from the bones to rub against each other. When you crack a joint, the fluid is pushed out and the noise scrocchiante is the result of high fluid pressure. Rheumatoid arthritis is the result of the loss of fluid in the joints caused by damage to the lining surfaces of the same. There is no evidence that the cadge knuckles cause such damage.

Each form of arthritis has a different cause. Arthritis and psoriatic arthritis are autoimmune diseases in which the body attacks itself. Septic arthritis is caused by an infection articulate. Gout is caused by a deposit of uric acid crystals in the joints which results in inflammation. Less common forms of gout (the pseudogotta) are caused by the formation of crystals of needle-shaped calcium pyrophosphate. The most common form of arthritis, osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease, is due to an injury of joints, articular infection, or, simply, is related to aging. It seems that abnormal un'anatomia may contribute to the early developments of osteoartrite.

The conventional medical therapies include the suppression of inflammation with anti-inflammatories and painkillers, and as a last resort, surgery.
Many are also natural remedies that are based primarily on the concept that you must first restore the proper functioning of the immune system. The main natural remedies in the case of adjuvant arthritis are of antioxidant supplements (like vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, green tea and extracts of grape seed) that protect the joints from deterioration, integrators of essential fatty acids, the cetilmiristoleato (or CMO ) immunomodulatory properties, supplements of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate (which are major components of cartilage), the sea cucumber from the anti-inflammatory actions, the metisulfonilmetano (MSM), which appears to be an effective anti-pain and anti-inflammatory, some herbs and anti-inflammatory properties by painkillers (including cat's claw, Boswellia, ginger, Urtica dioica, the devil's claw), and supplements of zinc, copper and manganese. Seem to be helpful for pain relief even topical applications of creams made of capsaicin (a compound found naturally in hot peppers of cajenna) and eucalyptus oil.

Below is a brief summary of the main forms of arthritis.

Primary forms of arthritis

Osteoarthritis:
Also known as degenerative arthritis or degenerative disease of the joints (and sometimes called "arthrosis" * "osteoarthrosis" or, more colloquially, "wear") is a condition caused by damage to the articular cartilage that covers l ' articulation and acts as a cushion in it, which involves secondary inflammation and therefore pain articulation. The damage to the cartilage causes a weakening of the muscles, tendons and ligaments that support the joint. The attempt to stabilize the joint causes the formation of bone spurs and osteofiti (new bone formation). The process can be accelerated by obesity, articular injury, poor diet and inadequate or inappropriate exercise.

Rheumatoid arthritis:
Traditionally, it is considered an inflammatory auto-immune disorder that causes chronic immune system attack against the joints. The AR is a systematic disease which often affects extra-articular tissues including the skin, blood, blood vessels, heart, lungs and muscles. The AR involves different joints, not only causes swelling, stiffness, pain and partial dislocation of joints, but also anemia, fatigue, weight loss, fever and disability. The inflammation causes include genetic predisposition, lifestyle, nutrition, allergies to foods and micro-organisms (viruses and bacteria). One of the more recent theories presume that an abnormal permeability of the intestinal wall can not allow food to pass completely digested directly in the bloodstream. These larger particles in the blood cause an immune disorder in which the immune system attacks the tissues around the joints.

Septic arthritis:
Septic arthritis is caused by since the surfaces of infectious agents. Usually this is caused by bacteria, but sometimes may also be cause viral infections, fungus and mycobacteria. The bacteria can either be transported by the bloodstream from a localized outbreak infection elsewhere, or introduced through a skin lesion that penetrates into the joints, or by extension from adjacent tissue.

Fibromyalgia:
Condition of unknown origin, characterized by chronic and widespread pain in muscles, joint pain, stiffness, fatigue, paresthesia, insomnia, anxiety, headache and irritable intestine syndrome. Most frequently affects women of age ranging from 20 to 50 years.

Gout and pseudogotta:
Gout, also called metabolic arthritis, is a disease caused by a congenital disorder in the metabolism of uric acid. The monosodium urate crystals are deposited in the articular cartilage, especially in tissues such as tendons, causing an inflammatory reaction. Often these deposits of magnitude increase in the skin and out of the cavities forming material containing a white limestone. Gout is often called "malttia rich man" and has historically been associated abundance. This traditional image has real bases as meat, especially that of the organs, because the increase in uric del'acido and the recruitment of alcohol decreases the ability of the kidneys to eliminate it. Similar to gout, is the noise made by deposit of calcium pyrophosphate, a rheumatoid disorder that presents various clinical manifestations. This disorder is more commonly known with some alternative names that specify certain clinical or radiological findings. The pseudogotta refers to clinically evident acute synovitis joints characterized by red, tender and swollen. The condrocalcinosi refers to calcification, radiologically evident in ialina cartilage and / or fibrocartilagine.

Juvenile arthritis:
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, formally known as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, is the most common form of persistent arthritis in children. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis may be transient or chronic.

Still's disease:
It's a form of juvenile arthritis characterized by peaks of fever and eruptions passing. The disease was discovered in children, but at times can also affect adults.

Ankylosing spondylitis:
Ankylosing spondylitis (also known as Bechterew's disease or syndrome Bechtrew; disease Strümpell Marie / Marie Struempell disease / Spondiloartrite) is un'artrite progressive inflammatory, and chronic pain that affects the spinal joints, and can cause melting spine. Belongs to the group of autoimmune spondiloartropatie probably due to a genetic predisposition.

Secondary to other disorders

Systemic lupus erythematosus:
Chronic autoimmune disease, potentially debilitating and sometimes fatal, where the immune system attacks the cells and tissues, causing inflammation and tissue damage. Lupus can affect any part of the body, but more often the arms, heart, joints, skin, lungs, blood vessels, liver, kidneys and nervous system. The course of the disease is unpredictable periods of illness alternating with improvements. It can occur at any age, and in, in women. The name "lupus" is derived from the characteristic redness that looks like the snout of a wolf.

Purpura of Schönlein-Henoch:
Also known as allergic purpura is a systemic vasculitis characterized by a substantial deposits of tissue containing immune complexes, especially in the skin and kidneys. Presents a convolgimento skin similar to that which is in cryoglobulinemia vasculitis and hypersensitive.

Psoriatic arthritis:
It's a type of inflammatory arthritis that affects approximately 20% of individuals suffering from chronic psoriasis. Over 80% of patients with psoriatic arthritis may have injury to the nail. The psoriatic arthritis can develop at any age and, on average, about 10 years after the first signs of psoriasis. In most cases, this occurs between 30 and 50 years, but can also affect children. In 1 case out of 7 symptoms of arthritis may occur before the psoriasis. In addition to causing inflammation in joints, this type of arthritis can cause tendinitis and sausage-like swelling of the fingers.

Reactive arthritis (Reiter's Syndrome):
Autoimmune condition that develops in response to an infection that affects another part of the body. It's triggered by other disorders and, therefore, is called reactive. Reactive arthritis is the combination of three seemingly unrelated symptoms: inflammation of arthritic joints more, eye inflammation and urethritis. It's also known as uretritica arthritis, venereal arthritis, seronegative spondiloartropatia, enteric poliarterite.

Hemochromatosis:
It's a hereditary disease characterized by abnormal metabolism of iron that causes the accumulation in some tissues.

Hepatitis:
Hepatitis involves a lesion of the liver caratteizzata by the presence of inflammatory cells in liver tissue. Hepatitis can be an end in itself, heal itself or protracted over time becoming acute or chronic. Hepatitis can be caused by some virus-specific, from toxins, infections or other auto immune processes. The symptoms are evident as hepatitis damage liver function.
Wegener granulomatosis (and other forms of vasculitis):
Wegener's granulomatosis is a form of vasculitis that affects the lungs, kidneys and other organs. It is part of a group of vasculitis characterized by the presence in the movement of an abnormal antibody that affects the blood vessels of small and medium size.

Intestine inflammatory disease (including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis):
Group of inflammatory diseases intestine not to be confused with irritable intestine syndrome. Crohn's disease is an inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract that affects the walls of the intestine. The main symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea and weight loss. It can also cause skin rashes, arthritis and eye inflammation. Ulcerative colitis is an inflammation that affects the intestines and colon, including ulcers or wounds. It can also affect other parts of the body.

Polisierosite paroxysmal family:
Hereditary disease that affects persons originating from areas close to the Mediterranean, alongside with fever, abdominal pain and chest, has a rash at the ankle joints, which reduces the

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